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كتاب المعلم " في التربية وطرق التعليم ونظام المدرسة "

Mohammed

اخر تحديث :

المعلم في التربية وطرق التعليم ونظام المدرسة

تأليف : عبد العزيز عطية

الناشر : وكالة الصحافة العربية

تاريخ النشر : 2021

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يعد هذا الكتاب من الكتب العربية الرائدة في مجال التربية، وضعه مؤلفه الأستاذ "عبد العزيز عطية" وأصدره في عام 1921، قبل أن تعرف جامعاتنا كليات التربية، فقد انتبه الرجل مبكرا إلى ضرورة إتاحة كتاب في فن التربية والتعليم، يضع فيه "كل ما يهم المربي معرفته من نظام المدرسة وإدارتها، وكيفية تعليم العلوم، وما يتبع ذلك من البحث في الطفل".. وهكذا يوضح العنوان أضلاع المثلث المكون للعملية التعليمية، والذي يشكل الأرضية التي يقف عليها المعلم. ذكر المؤلف تعريفات عديدة للتربية أوردها فلاسفة وعلماء منذ أفلاطون وحتى هربرت سبنسر، ويراها كلها تتحدث في المطلق، ويخلص من مناقشتها إلى أن معنى التربية " هو تقوية الجسم إلى حد يقوى معه على العمل لإفادة نفسه وغيره وتهذيب النفس وتطهير الأخلاق ليتمكن الشخص من معاشرة الناس ومعاملتهم"، والتربية بهذا المعنى "تنقسم ثلاثة أقسام ويراد بها تقوية أعضاء الجسم وخلقية (أو أدبية) ويراد بها تهذيب النفس وتقويم الأخلاق وعقلية ،ويراد بها استعمال قوة الفكر وإخراجها من حيز القوة إلى حيز الفعل وتنميتها بالعلوم والمعارف فيصير الشخص على درجة مقبولة من الفضل".

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